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Why does Rashi (רש"י) call kindness to the dead "chesed (חסד) shel emes"—true kindness? The shiur develops a yesod that all chesed creates an obligation on the receiver, regardless of the giver's motivation or pleasure. Only with the dead, who are freed from mitzvos, is there no reciprocal obligation—making it uniquely "true" chesed.
Rabbi Zweig analyzes Yaakov's request to Yosef in Parshas Vayechi to perform "chesed (חסד) v'emes" by burying him outside of Egypt. Rashi (רש"י) explains that chesed done with the dead is called "chesed shel emes" (true kindness) because one does not expect reward in return. The difficulty with Rashi's formulation is that it implies that chesed done with living people involves expecting favors in return—which would seem to transform genuine kindness into a mere business transaction. The shiur resolves this by establishing a fundamental yesod: every act of chesed creates an obligation on the recipient to reciprocate, regardless of how much pleasure or satisfaction the giver received. This principle applies even when the giver's motivations were partially or entirely self-serving. The receiver is obligated to recognize what he has received and respond accordingly.
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Why does the Midrash connect Pharaoh's expulsion of the Jews to the mitzvah of shiluach hakan? The shiur develops a chiddush that Pharaoh's sin wasn't only drowning the children, but the insensitivity of expelling the parents afterward. The deeper analysis reveals that Pharaoh may have valued the Jews greatly and wanted to control them—making his expulsion an act of tremendous cruelty, not liberation.
Why does Moshe respond to the splitting of the sea with shirah rather than praise or thanksgiving? Rashi's use of "al libo" reveals that shirah is an emotional expression—a response of love to love. When Hashem shows personal care, the only adequate response is "I love You too," not mere gratitude or praise, and this principle applies to all relationships.
Bereishis 47:29 (Parshas Vayechi)
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