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Why must we recite Vidui before eating on Erev Yom Kippur if the mitzvah (מצוה) is tied to Yom Kippur itself? The shiur explores whether Vidui is required because of the inui (affliction) that begins with tosefes, because Yom Kippur itself mandates it, or because Erev Yom Kippur—the ninth of Tishrei—has its own independent kedusha and din of inui that requires Vidui.
This shiur examines the complex halachic and conceptual issues surrounding the mitzvah (מצוה) of Vidui (confession) on Erev Yom Kippur, focusing on Masechta Yoma 81b and the principle of tosefes (adding from the mundane to the holy). The discussion centers on a fundamental question: when exactly is one obligated in Vidui, and what is the nature of this obligation? The shiur begins by addressing a difficulty in the Rambam (רמב"ם)'s position. The Rambam rules that the din of tosefes (adding from chol onto kodesh) applies only to Yom Kippur, not to other holidays or Shabbos (שבת). This seems to contradict the Gemara (גמרא)'s drashah from "tishbu shabatchem" which Rav Acha bar Yaakov uses to derive tosefes for Shabbos, Yom Tov, and Yom Kippur. The Rambam appears to use this pasuk differently—to establish the asarah (ten days) of Yom Kippur, following Rav Papa who says "hu gufa Shabbos ikri." If so, how does the Rambam derive the din of tosefes for Yom Kippur, and why doesn't it apply elsewhere? Additionally, the Gemara's alternative derivation through gezeirah shavah (tzam-tzam) seems to undermine the need for explicit pesukim to be marbeh (extend the law).
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Yoma 81b
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