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How does kashrus eidim work when the false witnesses made someone a rasha rather than causing death or lashes? The Rambam (רמב"ם) reads our Gemara (גמרא) as establishing a new principle: all four cases of eidim zomemim share one underlying din - they made the accused into a rasha, and kashrus eidim reverses that very status.
This shiur develops a fundamental understanding of the Rambam (רמב"ם)'s approach to eidim zomemim in Makkos 2b, addressing several major difficulties. The central question is how the din of kashrus eidim functions when the false testimony resulted in designating someone as a rasha (through cases like ben gerusha ben chaluza) rather than imposing death or monetary penalties. The Rambam in Perek 20 presents all four cases mentioned in our Gemara (גמרא) as falling under one unified principle. Rather than viewing them as separate categories of false testimony, the Rambam sees them as manifestations of a single halachic concept: the eidim zomemim made the accused into a rasha, and the Torah (תורה)'s response is to reverse that designation through kashrus eidim.
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Makkos 2b
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