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What does "ein ma'anin" mean regarding children fasting on Yom Kippur? The shiur analyzes the dispute between Rashi (רש"י) and the Rambam (רמב"ם): whether it's forbidden to withhold food (a sakana) or merely optional. A fundamental distinction emerges between shos (training with no real obligation) and hashlama (when the child has a mitzvah (מצוה) obligation) — showing that only boys have a din of shos, while both genders share the chiyuv of hashlama.
This shiur explores the Gemara (גמרא) on Yoma 82a discussing "ein ma'anin oson b'Yom Kippur" — the rule that we do not withhold food from children on Yom Kippur. The Ran presents a fundamental dispute between Rashi (רש"י) and the Rambam (רמב"ם) regarding what this phrase means. According to Rashi, "ein ma'anin" means "ein chayav lem'noa hem ma'achol" — you are not obligated to withhold food from them, but if you want to, you may. According to the Rambam, however, "ein ma'anin" means you are not permitted to withhold food — "shelo yovlu d'sakana" (lest they come to danger). The shiur analyzes this dispute in practical terms. If a child wants to eat, the Rambam's position is clear: withholding food constitutes a danger (sakana), and therefore it is forbidden. But what about a child who doesn't want to eat — who wants to fast to show off to his friends, which is a common phenomenon? According to the Rambam, even then you cannot allow complete fasting; according to Rashi, you are not obligated to prevent it, though you should make food available. The shiur suggests that the dispute may not be about different cases at all, but about how to respond to the same case: a child who wants to fast. The Rambam says you must tell him to eat (it's a mitzvah (מצוה) to eat), while Rashi says you should make food available but not force him.
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Yoma 82a
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