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Does lifnei iver prohibit only active facilitation of sin, or even passive enabling? The shiur analyzes the core machloket between the Rash and Tosafot, revealing two competing models: mazik (harm-causing) versus participation in transgression. Understanding which model applies determines when alternatives like "yesh lo behemah acheret" create a heter.
This shiur provides a comprehensive analysis of the sugya of lifnei iver lo siten michshol (do not place a stumbling block before the blind) found in Masechta Shabbos (שבת). The discussion centers on a fundamental machloket between the Rash and Tosafot regarding the nature of the prohibition. The Rash holds that lifnei iver is only violated when one actively facilitates another's transgression (nosei be'yado), while Tosafot maintains that even passive enabling constitutes a violation if the transgressor could not have acted without the facilitator's presence. The shiur explores Tosafot's position that lifnei iver applies even in hilchot Shabbos contexts, creating a potential issur d'rabbanan even when the recipient could obtain the forbidden item elsewhere. This leads to an extensive analysis of the Gemara (גמרא) in Avodah Zarah regarding selling animals to non-Jews before their festivals, where the principle "yesh lo behemah acheret" (he has another animal) creates a heter.
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Shabbos 3a
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