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Why doesn't the din of tov b'dvar mitzvah (מצוה) exempt one from a korban when carrying out to give tzedakah on Shabbos (שבת)? The shiur develops a novel reading of the Tosafos (תוספות) Yom Tov that the exemption only applies when there's a concrete maaseh hamitzvah commanded by Torah (תורה). In tzedakah, the mitzvah may be that the poor person receives, not the specific act of giving.
This shiur examines a complex discussion on Shabbos (שבת) 2a regarding the halachos of hotza'ah (carrying out) on Shabbos when giving tzedakah. The central question revolves around why there is no din of tov b'dvar mitzvah (מצוה) (preoccupied with a mitzvah) that would exempt one from a korban when performing hotza'ah to give charity. Rashi (רש"י) explains that the Mishna's mention of "ani v'ashir" (poor and rich) teaches that even though there's a mitzvah of tzedakah, one is still chayav a korban because it's mitzvah bo b'aveirah (a mitzvah that comes through a sin). Since mitzvah bo b'aveirah creates no valid mitzvah, there's no exemption of tov b'dvar mitzvah.
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Shabbos 2a
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