Shevuot and the Establishment of Yosef's Malchut in Parshas Vayechi

This shiur explores the significance of Yaakov's insistence that Yosef swear to bury him in Eretz Yisrael, and what this reveals about the nature of kingship and Yosef's role. The shiur opens with several textual questions: Why does Rashi (רש"י) explain that after Yaakov's death, Yosef stopped inviting his brothers to his table? Why does the Torah (תורה) describe the burial route as passing through "Ever HaYarden" (east of the Jordan) when the direct route from Egypt to Hebron should remain west of the Jordan? Why does the Torah switch from calling the patriarch "Yaakov" to "Yisrael" when describing his approaching death? Most significantly, why does Yaakov demand that Yosef swear to bury him in Canaan, even after Yosef readily agrees to do so? The shiur then analyzes a Gemara (גמרא) in Sotah 36b that provides the foundation for understanding these questions. The Gemara relates how Pharaoh's advisors challenged Yosef's appointment as viceroy, arguing that a slave purchased for twenty silver pieces should not rule over them. Pharaoh responded that Yosef possessed the qualities of kingship (genunei malchut). The advisors demanded that he prove this by speaking seventy languages—the mark of a true king who represents God in governing the world. Through divine intervention, the angel Gavriel taught Yosef all seventy languages and added the letter "heh" from God's name to Yosef's name, making him "Yehosef." The next day, Yosef demonstrated his knowledge by conversing with Pharaoh in all seventy languages, but then began speaking in Lashon HaKodesh (Hebrew), which Pharaoh could not understand or learn. Pharaoh, now revealed to lack complete wisdom, asked Yosef to swear never to reveal this deficiency. Later, when Yosef needed to fulfill his father's burial request, Pharaoh suggested he nullify his oath to Yaakov. Yosef responded that if he did so, he would also nullify his oath to Pharaoh, forcing Pharaoh to permit the burial.