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Why does the Gemara (גמרא) describe shnayim mikra v'echad targum using the unusual term 'mashlim' rather than simply 'koreh'? The shiur develops two approaches: either Targum constitutes a third independent reading, or it serves as a learning aid to enhance understanding of the Hebrew text. This fundamental distinction explains the linguistic choice and resolves disputes about verses lacking Targum translation.
This shiur provides an in-depth analysis of the Gemara (גמרא) in Berachos 8a regarding the mitzvah (מצוה) of shnayim mikra v'echad targum - reading each weekly Torah (תורה) portion twice in Hebrew and once with Targum translation. Rabbi Zweig begins by identifying several difficult linguistic issues in the Gemara's formulation, particularly the unusual term 'mashlim' (complete) rather than simply stating one should 'read' the parsha. He explores what it means to do this 'im ha-tzibbur' (with the congregation) and whether this constitutes a true obligation or merely a recommended practice. The shiur presents a fundamental machloket between the Rambam (רמב"ם) and the Tur regarding the nature of this mitzvah. The Rambam treats shnayim mikra v'echad targum as a genuine halachic obligation (chiyuv), requiring one to complete the entire Torah annually in this manner. In contrast, the Tur presents it as a praiseworthy practice (segulah) for lengthening one's days rather than a strict obligation.
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Berachos 8a
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Should one learn Torah full-time trusting in Divine providence, or combine learning with work? The shiur distinguishes between Rabbi Shimon ben Yochai's approach of complete separation from worldly concerns versus Rabbi Shmuel's view that proper work itself becomes part of Torah. The key insight: true emunah means learning without demanding sustenance from either Hashem or community, unlike having a 'contract' expecting payment for learning.
