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Why does the Torah (תורה) describe idols as powers "that I did not empower" when everything comes from God? The shiur explains that Hashem (ה׳) empowered humans to create truth through judges and to enforce it through leaders, but this same power can be misused to empower idolatry. As we approach Rosh Hashanah, we must understand our tremendous responsibility to empower Hashem through proper kingship.
This shiur explores the fundamental nature of empowerment and justice as we approach the month of Elul. Rabbi Zweig begins by examining why the Gemara (גמרא) in Megillah required a miraculous translation when describing idols as powers "that I did not empower," seemingly suggesting powers exist that don't come from God. He also questions why Pirkei Avos instructs judges to view both litigants as evil rather than righteous, and why bribery would actually work when it seems to insult a judge's integrity. The analysis centers on Parshas Shoftim's command to appoint "judges and officers" (shoftim v'shotrim). Rabbi Zweig examines the dispute between Rashi (רש"י) and Ibn Ezra regarding the role of shotrim - whether they are enforcement officers under judicial authority (Rashi) or independent political leaders representing the people (Ibn Ezra). Through careful textual analysis, he demonstrates that both interpretations reveal a crucial principle: justice requires a partnership between divine perspective (through judges seeking truth) and human responsibility (through enforcement and acceptance).
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Why does Moshe respond to the splitting of the sea with shirah rather than praise or thanksgiving? Rashi's use of "al libo" reveals that shirah is an emotional expression—a response of love to love. When Hashem shows personal care, the only adequate response is "I love You too," not mere gratitude or praise, and this principle applies to all relationships.
Parshas Shoftim 16:18-20
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What is the primary purpose of the cities of refuge - protecting the accidental killer or something else? The shiur argues that creating respect for law takes precedence over providing sanctuary. True deterrence comes from recognizing the gravity of murder itself, not fear of punishment.
